See desturi on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ǵʰes-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰes-#Proto-Indo-European:_hand"
],
[
"*ȷ́ʰástas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ȷ́ʰástas#Proto-Indo-Iranian:_hand"
],
[
"𐎭𐎿𐎫",
"𐎭𐎿𐎫#Old_Persian:_hand"
],
[
"𐭩𐭣𐭤",
"𐭩𐭣𐭤#Middle_Persian:_hand"
],
[
"دَسْت",
"دست#Persian:_hand"
],
[
"دستور",
"دستور#Persian"
],
[
"دستور",
"دستور#Omani_Arabic"
],
[
"دستور",
"دستور#Omani_Arabic"
],
[
"دستور",
"دستور#Persian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "acx:دستور\n<ety:uder<fa:دستور\n>>",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰes-der.\nProto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas\nOld Persian 𐎭𐎿𐎫 (d-s-t)\nMiddle Persian 𐭩𐭣𐭤 (ydh)\nPersian دَسْت?\nPersian دستور (dastur)\nOmani Arabic دستور (destūr)bor.\nSwahili desturi\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"transliteration\" : \"destūr\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"transliteration\" : \"dastur\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰes-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*ȷ́ʰástas\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Persian\", \"term\" : \"𐎭𐎿𐎫\", \"lang\" : \"peo\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Persian\", \"term\" : \"𐭩𐭣𐭤\", \"lang\" : \"pal\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Persian\", \"term\" : \"دَسْت\", \"lang\" : \"fa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Persian\", \"term\" : \"دستور\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Omani Arabic\", \"term\" : \"دستور\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"acx\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Swahili\", \"term\" : \"desturi\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sw\" }\" data-lang=\"sw\" data-title=\"desturi\">\nBorrowed from Omani Arabic دستور (destūr), from Persian دستور (dastur).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "acx:دستور\n<ety:uder<fa:دستور\n>>",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰes-der.\nProto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas\nOld Persian 𐎭𐎿𐎫 (d-s-t)\nMiddle Persian 𐭩𐭣𐭤 (ydh)\nPersian دَسْت?\nPersian دستور (dastur)\nOmani Arabic دستور (destūr)bor.\nSwahili desturi\nBorrowed from Omani Arabic دستور (destūr), from Persian دستور (dastur).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰes-der.\nProto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas\nOld Persian 𐎭𐎿𐎫 (d-s-t)\nMiddle Persian 𐭩𐭣𐭤 (ydh)\nPersian دَسْت?\nPersian دستور (dastur)\nOmani Arabic دستور (destūr)bor.\nSwahili desturi\nBorrowed from Omani Arabic دستور (destūr), from Persian دستور (dastur).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "desturi",
"tags": [
"class-x",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dasturi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "desturi class IX (plural desturi class X)",
"name": "sw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"custom (longstanding tradition)"
],
"id": "en-desturi-sw-noun-sJYi2SZI",
"links": [
[
"custom",
"custom"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-ix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-desturi.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Sw-ke-desturi.flac/Sw-ke-desturi.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Sw-ke-desturi.flac/Sw-ke-desturi.flac.ogg",
"tags": [
"Kenya"
]
}
],
"word": "desturi"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ǵʰes-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰes-#Proto-Indo-European:_hand"
],
[
"*ȷ́ʰástas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ȷ́ʰástas#Proto-Indo-Iranian:_hand"
],
[
"𐎭𐎿𐎫",
"𐎭𐎿𐎫#Old_Persian:_hand"
],
[
"𐭩𐭣𐭤",
"𐭩𐭣𐭤#Middle_Persian:_hand"
],
[
"دَسْت",
"دست#Persian:_hand"
],
[
"دستور",
"دستور#Persian"
],
[
"دستور",
"دستور#Omani_Arabic"
],
[
"دستور",
"دستور#Omani_Arabic"
],
[
"دستور",
"دستور#Persian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "acx:دستور\n<ety:uder<fa:دستور\n>>",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰes-der.\nProto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas\nOld Persian 𐎭𐎿𐎫 (d-s-t)\nMiddle Persian 𐭩𐭣𐭤 (ydh)\nPersian دَسْت?\nPersian دستور (dastur)\nOmani Arabic دستور (destūr)bor.\nSwahili desturi\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"transliteration\" : \"destūr\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"transliteration\" : \"dastur\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰes-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*ȷ́ʰástas\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Persian\", \"term\" : \"𐎭𐎿𐎫\", \"lang\" : \"peo\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Persian\", \"term\" : \"𐭩𐭣𐭤\", \"lang\" : \"pal\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Persian\", \"term\" : \"دَسْت\", \"lang\" : \"fa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Persian\", \"term\" : \"دستور\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fa\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Omani Arabic\", \"term\" : \"دستور\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"acx\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Swahili\", \"term\" : \"desturi\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sw\" }\" data-lang=\"sw\" data-title=\"desturi\">\nBorrowed from Omani Arabic دستور (destūr), from Persian دستور (dastur).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "acx:دستور\n<ety:uder<fa:دستور\n>>",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰes-der.\nProto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas\nOld Persian 𐎭𐎿𐎫 (d-s-t)\nMiddle Persian 𐭩𐭣𐭤 (ydh)\nPersian دَسْت?\nPersian دستور (dastur)\nOmani Arabic دستور (destūr)bor.\nSwahili desturi\nBorrowed from Omani Arabic دستور (destūr), from Persian دستور (dastur).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰes-der.\nProto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas\nOld Persian 𐎭𐎿𐎫 (d-s-t)\nMiddle Persian 𐭩𐭣𐭤 (ydh)\nPersian دَسْت?\nPersian دستور (dastur)\nOmani Arabic دستور (destūr)bor.\nSwahili desturi\nBorrowed from Omani Arabic دستور (destūr), from Persian دستور (dastur).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "desturi",
"tags": [
"class-x",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dasturi",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "desturi class IX (plural desturi class X)",
"name": "sw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Swahili class IX nouns",
"Swahili entries with etymology texts",
"Swahili entries with etymology trees",
"Swahili entries with etymon",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili nouns",
"Swahili terms borrowed from Omani Arabic",
"Swahili terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Swahili terms derived from Old Persian",
"Swahili terms derived from Omani Arabic",
"Swahili terms derived from Persian",
"Swahili terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Swahili terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Swahili terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰes-"
],
"glosses": [
"custom (longstanding tradition)"
],
"links": [
[
"custom",
"custom"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-ix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-desturi.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Sw-ke-desturi.flac/Sw-ke-desturi.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Sw-ke-desturi.flac/Sw-ke-desturi.flac.ogg",
"tags": [
"Kenya"
]
}
],
"word": "desturi"
}
Download raw JSONL data for desturi meaning in All languages combined (5.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.